What is ribana fabric?
Ribana — is an elastic cross-knitted fabric created by alternating front and back loops.
The knitting technique, most often using a 1x1 (one knit, one purl) or 2x2 pattern, creates a textured, fine rib pattern. Thanks to this symmetrical weave, the front and back sides of the material look exactly the same.
The basic fabric composition is 100% cotton. However, for modern clothing, ribbing with 3-5% elastane or lycra is more often used. The presence of synthetic fibers prevents the garment from deforming during wear and after washing.
Distinctive features and types
The main physical property of ribana is its high elasticity across its width. The fabric stretches easily and instantly returns to its original shape. Garments made from this knitwear do not stretch out at the elbows, knees, or neckline.
Based on the quality of the cotton yarn used, knitwear is divided into three categories:
- Singing — made from the longest fibers (from 35 mm to 79 mm). The fabric is smooth, soft, with a slight matte sheen and is pilling-free.
- Card — is made from medium-length fibers (27–35 mm). The fabric has good strength but may pille slightly over time.
- Open End — knitted from short fibers (up to 27 mm) and yarn scraps. This is the least durable type, prone to rapid wear.
The material is highly breathable and hygroscopic thanks to its cotton base. Ribana is prized in the sewing industry for its non-curling edges.
How to care
Rib knit is used for basic garments such as turtlenecks, tank tops, long sleeves, and children's clothing. This dense version of the fabric is also used for elastic details such as cuffs, collars, and hems of sweatshirts, hoodies, and bomber jackets.
It is recommended to wash this knitwear at 30-40°C on a delicate cycle. Using high-temperature water will cause the cotton fibers to shrink by 1-2 sizes.
Spin clothes in a washing machine at medium speed (up to 800). Do not wring by hand, as intense mechanical action can break the elastane threads, causing the fabric to lose its elasticity.
Ribana garments should be laid flat to dry, away from direct sunlight and heating devices. Iron the garments inside out at a medium temperature (up to 150°C), using a slightly damp cloth or steam setting.
